What are some cues that signal the end of a passage?

Phrases like "in conclusion" or "to summarize" clearly indicate that the speaker is transitioning towards the end of a passage. These specific phrases serve as direct signals, helping listeners understand that the speaker is wrapping up their thoughts or making a final summary of the discussion. Such cues not only prepare the audience for closure but also help reinforce the main ideas that have been presented. Recognizing these phrases is crucial for effective listening, as they allow the listener to anticipate a conclusion, making it easier to retain the essential information shared throughout the passage.

In contrast, the other options either serve different purposes or do not signal an ending. Words like "however" or "but" typically denote a contrast or counterpoint, suggesting additional or opposing information rather than a summary or conclusion. Sentences introducing new concepts indicate that the discussion is ongoing and moving in a new direction, and repetitions of earlier points can serve to reinforce ideas but may not necessarily signal an impending conclusion. Thus, recognizing phrases that explicitly indicate an end can greatly enhance comprehension and retention.