Which genre best describes "Erlkönig"?

"Erlkönig," composed by Franz Schubert, is best classified as a German lied, which is a type of art song that typically features a solo vocalist accompanied by piano. The term "lied" comes from the German word for song and represents a significant form in the Romantic music era. The piece is based on a poem by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, which tells a dramatic story through its lyrics, showcasing the expressive capabilities of both the voice and the piano. The narrative nature and intimate setting align perfectly with the characteristics of the lied genre.

In contrast, while "Erlkönig" is indeed extensively performed, it is not an opera, which is a longer, staged musical work that includes multiple characters, elaborate sets, and often as many as several acts. It also does not fit the definition of a symphony, which is an instrumental composition for full orchestra, generally structured in several movements. Finally, it does not belong to the category of choral works, which typically involve singing by a choir or multiple voices with harmonies, unlike the soloist format of the lied. Therefore, the classification as a German lied is the most accurate, highlighting its lyrical and emotional depth rooted in solo vocal performance.